A Method Tutorial in Using Linear Mixed-Effects Modeling in R to Understand Incidental Vocabulary Learning from Captioned Viewing

This research method tutorial article provides a step-by-step guidance on how to carry out linear mixed-effects modeling using R. The guidance was through an example of exploring incidental vocabulary learning under captioned viewing. The data structure is carefully examined to determine an appropriate modeling approach. Both a full model and a simplified model are compared to identify any significant differences in their performance. Subsequently, the optimal model is selected based on the evaluation results. The chosen model is then thoroughly explained and interpreted to shed light on incidental vocabulary learning under captioned viewing. The study encompasses model evaluation and visualizations of the prediction results, providing a comprehensive assessment of the model’s reliability and effectiveness. The aim is to demonstrate the practical application of mixed effects models, showcasing their value in real-world research scenarios for researchers in applied linguistics.