3D Map Matching Algorithm for Scenic Spot Based on Improved Hidden Markov Model

To address the low accuracy of location in 3D map due to GPS error and digital map error, a map matching algorithm based on an improved Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is introduced. This paper proposes the area overlap method to obtain the candidate road segments. The calculation of the observation probability takes the distance, road width and historical positions into account. The transition probability is computed in terms of road network topology data, the tourist's behavior characteristics and the correlation between scenic spots and roads. Then the algorithm uses the Viterbi algorithm to get the optimal matching road segments. The presented algorithm enables the 3D visualization of the scenic scene on the Unity3D platform, and is verified by using the campus map. Experimental results show that the matching accuracy of the presented algorithm achieves 95.4%. The presented algorithm has a good performance in 3D scenic spot navigation in both practicability and accuracy.