From Static to Fantastic: Exploring the Impact of Virtual Reality in Biological Science Instruction-A Scoping Review

Biological science education is often closely linked to technology. Recently, the emergence of virtual reality (VR) technology has sparked growing interest in biological science education. As a result, an increasing number of research reports have emphasized the various applications of VR devices in enhancing student learning outcomes. This study selected articles published between 2011 and 2024 from five commonly used educational databases based on the PRISMA screening process. After processing, 76 English-language articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed to explore the trends and directions of VR in biological science education. Additionally, this study analyzed the substantive characteristics, research method designs, and the relationship between VR devices and student skills in the selected articles. In summary, the findings of this study reveal the progress of existing research and lay a solid foundation for future research on VR in biological science education. As the field evolves, continued interdisciplinary and cross-regional research and collaboration will be crucial to fully realizing VR's potential in shaping the future of biological science education.